Pump.



W. U. WATSON.

PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED `Nov. 7. 1314.

Patent-ed Dec. 28, 1915.

WILLIAM U. WATSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec.. 28, 1915..

Application filed November 7, 1914. Serial No. 870,721.

' following is a specification.

My invention relates to pumps, more particularly air compressors, and for the purpose of illustration is shown embodied in a so-called spark plug pump7 used in connection with a multicylinder internal combustion engine for obtaining compressed air.

rl`he general object of the invention is to obtain a simple and efficient device of this character.

One of the specific objects of the invention is to provide a simple and sure acting valve for supplying air to the attached engine cylinder in case thereris, for any reason, a deficiency of air pressure therein. T his valve in permitting comparatively free access of air to the engine cylinder causes the air to be drawn through the valve port instead of through the carbureter of the engine. This avoids or reduces the waste of das. To Other objects will be'apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Y Figure 1y is a longitudinal sectional view of the complete device attached to one of the cylinders of a multicylinder internal combustion engine. Fig. 2is a plan section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective of the inletV valve. Fig. 4 is a detail sectionalview showing some of the valve mechanism on an increased scale. A

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Screwing into the engine cylinder 1 is a nipple 2 having a longitudinal duct 3 leading from the inside of the engine cylinder to the inside of a cylinder 4 which for distinction I shall referto as the motor cylinder. For convenience, the nipple 2 and cylinder 4 may be made of separate pieces screwed together, as Shown, or may be integral with each other. The nipple has a number of inlet ports 5 for admitting air laterally into the duct 3. These are arranged symmetically for balancing the pressure on the inlet valve. Said inlet valve, which is shown in perspective in Fig. 3, slides vertically within the nipple and in the present form consists of a hollow cylinder 6. Its function is to open and close the inlet ports 5. Means are provided for limiting the travel of the valve, the means here shown being the annular shoulder 7 formed in the nipple for engaging the upper end of the valve and the annular shoulder 8 for engagingthe flange 9 at the lower end of the valve. The downward movement of the valve is limited by the ring 10 screwing into the lower endof the nipple. The valve is so fitted as to slide very freely and to drop by gravity unless it is held up by some positive force.

The opening through the valve is constricted, there being an inwardly projecting annular flange 11. The opening 12 through said flange is'of smaller diameter than the remainder of the passage through the valve and hence the uprush of air from the cylinder 1 tends to raise the valve and hold it in raised position.

A piston 15 lits within cylinder 4 and is connected by a cylinderv 16 to a piston 17 working in the upper cylinder 18 which is of smaller diameter than cylinder 4. Cylinder 16 is closed at the bottom and is provided with a stationary plunger mounted at the lower end of the stem 20 which is hollow and has a delivery mouth 21 outside of the cylinder 18. The piston 17 has a vertical passage 22 guarded by a check valve 23 so arranged thatair may pass upward through said piston but not in the reverse direction. Piston 17 also has ports 25 leading from cylinder 18 downward to cylinder 16. Air is prevented from traveling in the reverse directionthrough the ports 25 by a check washer 26 constructed of rubber or other suitable material. The plunger at the lower end of the stem 2O is provided with a check washer 30 held in position against the annular shoulder 31 of the stem by a retaining ring 32. The longitudinal duct 19 in the stem 20 is guarded by a check valve 35 held to its seat by a spring 36, the arrangement being such that air is permitted lto flow up through duct 19 but is prevented from flowing in the reverse direction.

Air is prevented from passing from the lower end of cylinder 18 directly to cylinder 4 by a spring washer 40 held in position bycylinder 1 is under compression the'up-riish" of said air through the duct 3 raises they,

retaining plates 41. Said Washer, however,

permits' the air to flow from cylinder 4 to y theloiver end of cylinder 18.

An inlet valve is located near the uppei' end of cylinder 4, sai-divalve consisting of a casing 42 provided with a check ball 43 held p to its seat by a spring 44.

In operation, when `theair in the engine inlet valve 6 and closes the ports 5. Hence the air rushes up into cylinder 4 beneath the piston 15 therein and, forces the air above saidppistoii to flow up pastthe Washer 40 ,into the lower end ,of cylinder 18. As the i diameter, of the cylinder 1S is smaller than that oflcylinder 4, the lair Within the cylinder 18 is raised to a highei| pressure than in thecylinder 4, and vsaid air is forcedmdoivn `through the' ports 25. pastthe Washer 26,

' 'intoy the upper yend ofthe cylinder 16. After and-uncover the inlet portsv 5.v This downward movement is accelerated by the doivnrushof air in the 'nipple 2. The size of the portsy 5 isfnot great enough to supply all Yrofl-the air calledfor'by the engine cylinder,

'andfhence the partialvacuum in the duet 3 causes, the pistonl 15 and parts attached thereto to descend. The descent is also aided by [the `back pressure in the pump and this may be augmented by springs if desired.

f The descent of piston 15 causesthe inlet valve 43 to open and admit air to the top of.l cylinder 4. The air in the bottom ofy cylinder 18 is forced up through piston 17 into the `top of saidcylinder While the air in the top of :cylinder 16 fisV simultaneously,forced past the Washer 30y into the bottom ofzsaid cylinder to be subsequently delivered, up through the duct 19.

'From the foregoing it will be seen that the l inletgvalve 6 is ofl very simple construction andof free operation and normally remainsV open. Furthermore Whatever air is drawn in through the inlet ports 5 reduces yby-.the same quantity the air draivnthrough .f the carbureterof the engine. Hence there is decreased vapor-ization of the fuel oil ofthe engine and a commensurate saving in fuel results.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1.# A compressor having a motor cylinder, a piston, a cylindricall-y chambered nipple leading to said cylinder for supplying gas thereto, saidnipple having a port at the side arranged radially and in a plane transverse to the length of the nipple, and a cyi lindrical valve sliding in said nipple to covery and uncover said port, said valve having a passage extending longitudinally through it and `co'nstricting somewhat thesize of the passage in the nippleivhereby aV gas stream flowing longitudinally through the nipple moves said valve.

2. In combination, a motor cylinder, a cylindrical nipple constituting an inlet for said cylinder, said cylinder being open at the receiving end and said nipple having an inlet port in the side arranged radially in a plane'transverse to the length of the nipple, and a valve slidable,longitudinally in said nipple to coveryand uncover said port, said valve"form ing `a holloiv y`cylinderand being subject to the kinetic energy ofthe gas stream flowing Vlongitudinally through said nipple'from the receiving end thereof.

3l In combination, al motor cylinder, a nipple leading theret'oyv for supplying actuatingv fluid te the cylinder, said ,nipple havingnan approximately cylindrical bore, and an inlet port leading to the'bore from the side,'a cylindrical.valve iitting said nipple and sliding therein to cover and uncoversaid port, saidrvalve restricting thelongitudinal passagein the nippleivhereby' thefstream of actuating fluid flowing"longitudinally through said nippley toward,thercylinder operatesthe `i `*alve to close the'inlet port in the side of the nipple. i i

4.14flifuid"'actuated air compressor having a cylinder and a driving'piston therein,

a cylindrical nipple constituting an inlet for said cylindergsaid .nipple being arranged v erticallyandhavingaii Ainlet port in the side arranged radiallyV in aplane transverse to they lengtlilofthe nipple, said nipple having anbpe'ning below saidport for receiving actuating fluid, a hollow/ cylindrical valve sliding` vertically in saidnipple to cover and uncoverrsaid' port,vs'aidfvalfve when raised closing said port and vvhen'lowered opening said port,fsail valve tending4 to open under they action o'f'gravity and. restricting the longitudinaflpa'lssage in the nipple whereby a streainof actuating fluid lioivingthrough the nipple tovvard the cylinder tends -to raise said valve'andcaiise it to 'close' saidport.

5'. In' acompre'ssor, aplurality of cylindersone of' of greatery diameter than the other,fa piston in each of said cylinders,L means forconiiecting said pistons ivhereby the' 'movement of the largerrpiston is .impartedfto lthe 'smaller"piston, a cylindrically bored duct for connecting the larger cylin'dertofone thefcylinders of a multi- Cylinder internalfcoinbustion engine, a lateral radiallyarrangedopening in said duct for' admitting; 'air thereinto," and a normally open"cylindricalv valvefoperated by the air or otheifgjas"in` saidfduct 'for controlling said,l opening,said valve'sliding in said duct to cover Aand uncover they lateral opening in said duct. l

f6. In a compressor the combination of a motor cylinder, a cylindrical nipple for conveying gas to the motor cylinder, a piston in the motor cylinder, a cylinder of smaller diameter than the motor cylinder, a piston in said smaller cylinder, means connecting said pistons together, means for delivering compressed air from the smaller cylinder controlling said valve, a radially arranged port in said nipple for admitting atmospheric air thereinto, and a hollow cylindrical slide valve, said valve being located in said nipple and partially obstructing the passage therein, whereby said valve is subject to the dynamic force of a gas stream in said nipple.

7. In a compressor the combination of a motor cylinder, a nipple for conveying gas to the motor cylinder, a piston in the motor cylinder, a cylinder of smaller diameter than the motor cylinder, a piston in said smaller cylinder, means connecting said pistons together, means for delivering compressed air from the smaller cylinder, said nipple having a plurality of lateral openings for admitting atmospheric air to the interior of said nipple, and a cylindrical valve sliding freely within said nipple to cover and uncover the lateral openings therein, said openings being arranged symmetrically around said valve whereby the Copies of this pressure upon the valve is balanced, and said valve partially obstructing the iiow of gas longitudinally through said nipple whereby the kinetic energy of the gas stream longitudinally in said nipple is availed of for operating said valve.

8. In a compressor the combination of a motor cylinder', a cylindrical nipple for conveying gas to the motor cylinder, a piston in the motor cylinder, a cylinder of smaller diameter than the motor cylinder, a piston in said smaller cylinder, means connecting said pistons together, means for delivering compressed air from the smaller cylinder, a radially arranged port in said nipple for admitting atmospheric air thereinto, and a hollow cylindrical slide valve for controlling said port, said valve being located in said nipple and partially obstructing the passage therein, by it is subject to the action of gravity, said valve when lowered holding said port un# covered.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM U. WATSON. Vitnesses:

SELINA E. HIGGINS, M. S. RosENzwEies.

patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of latents,

Washington, D. C.

said valve sliding vertically, where- 

